{"id":22864,"date":"2026-04-28T12:40:26","date_gmt":"2026-04-28T15:40:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vriic.usach.cl\/?p=22864"},"modified":"2026-04-28T12:51:59","modified_gmt":"2026-04-28T15:51:59","slug":"investigacion-estudia-impacto-del-cambio-climatico-en-enfermedad-viral-que-afecta-a-la-trucha-arcoiris","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vriic.usach.cl\/index.php\/investigacion-estudia-impacto-del-cambio-climatico-en-enfermedad-viral-que-afecta-a-la-trucha-arcoiris\/","title":{"rendered":"Investigaci\u00f3n Usach analiza impacto del cambio clim\u00e1tico en enfermedad viral que afecta a la trucha arco\u00edris"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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El Dr. Rodrigo Vidal Soto y la Dra.(c) Francisca Madrid Silva, investigadores de la Facultad de Qu\u00edmica y Biolog\u00eda, lideran\u00a0 proyecto de I+D orientado a entender c\u00f3mo el aumento de la temperatura en el mar influye en la respuesta de esta especie frente al virus IPNV. La iniciativa cuenta con financiamiento de ANID, la colaboraci\u00f3n de la empresa asociada Caleta Bay y el apoyo de la Direcci\u00f3n de Gesti\u00f3n Tecnol\u00f3gica de la Vicerrector\u00eda de Investigaci\u00f3n, Innovaci\u00f3n y Creaci\u00f3n.<\/b><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Chile es uno de los mayores productores de trucha arcoiris en el mundo. Sin embargo, la aparici\u00f3n y propagaci\u00f3n de enfermedades causadas por agentes pat\u00f3genos como bacterias, hongos, par\u00e1sitos y virus, pueden causar p\u00e9rdidas significativas a la industria acu\u00edcola.<\/span><\/p>

Entre las infecciones provocadas por pat\u00f3genos virales, se encuentra la necrosis pancre\u00e1tica infecciosa (IPN), la cual se ha convertido en la\u00a0 principal causa de mortalidad por enfermedad en esta especie, con una incidencia promedio del 19,9% en agua de mar y del 20,18% en agua dulce, seg\u00fan el informe sanitario de Sernapesca, correspondiente al per\u00edodo 2021-2023.<\/span><\/p>

Si bien se han implementado diversas estrategias para prevenir y combatir el IPNV, entre ellas vacunas y antivirales, los resultados no han alcanzado la eficacia esperada, por lo que se hace necesario avanzar en nuevas soluciones.<\/span><\/p>

En este contexto, la Universidad de Santiago de Chile posee una s\u00f3lida trayectoria en investigaci\u00f3n b\u00e1sica y aplicada para abordar enfermedades en peces. Como parte de esta l\u00ednea de trabajo, actualmente ejecuta el proyecto de I+D \u201cAn\u00e1lisis del rol de RNA no codificantes largos (lncRNA) en la interacci\u00f3n entre calentamiento global y la respuesta al Virus de la Necrosis Pancre\u00e1tica Infecciosa (IPNV) en el cultivo de trucha arco\u00edris\u201d.<\/b><\/p>

La iniciativa es liderada por la Dra.(c) Francisca Madrid Silva y el Dr. Rodrigo Vidal Soto, investigador y director del <\/span>Laboratorio de Gen\u00f3mica<\/span><\/a> de la <\/span>Facultad de Qu\u00edmica y Biolog\u00eda<\/span><\/a>. El proyecto cuenta con financiamiento de ANID<\/a>, la colaboraci\u00f3n de <\/span>Caleta Bay<\/span><\/a>, empresa asociada, y el apoyo de la <\/span>Direcci\u00f3n de Gesti\u00f3n Tecnol\u00f3gica <\/span><\/a>de la Vriic.<\/span><\/p>

\u201cNuestro objetivo es entender c\u00f3mo el incremento de la temperatura en los mares, asociado al cambio clim\u00e1tico, influye en la respuesta de la regulaci\u00f3n del RNA no codificante de la trucha arco\u00edris frente al IPNV, el cual da\u00f1a gravemente la salud de los peces, especialmente en sus etapas de alevines y juveniles. Adem\u00e1s, genera altas tasas de mortalidad\u201d<\/span><\/i>, se\u00f1ala Francisca Madrid.<\/span><\/p>

Investigaci\u00f3n gen\u00f3mica\u00a0<\/b><\/h2>

Para abordar este desaf\u00edo, el equipo centrar\u00e1 su trabajo en el <\/span>estudio de genes poco explorados, conocidos como RNA no codificantes largos (lncRNA). <\/b>\u201cCorresponden a la materia oscura del genoma de organismos vertebrados y cumplen un rol clave en la activaci\u00f3n y\/o desactivaci\u00f3n de genes y prote\u00ednas\u201d,<\/span><\/i> explica el Dr. Vidal.<\/span><\/p>

Asimismo, agrega que se desarrollar\u00e1n ensayos experimentales a distintas temperaturas para analizar el material gen\u00e9tico de las especies y evaluar c\u00f3mo cambia su respuesta frente al virus.<\/span><\/p>

El proyecto contempla dos a\u00f1os de ejecuci\u00f3n. Durante la primera etapa, a nivel de laboratorio, se estudiar\u00e1 a peces infectados en etapa de alevines sometidos a diferentes temperaturas.<\/b><\/p>

\u201cLuego de esta fase, vamos a extraer el RNA, el cual se secuenciar\u00e1 para obtener librer\u00edas gen\u00f3micas y realizar los an\u00e1lisis correspondientes. Posteriormente, se har\u00e1 la validaci\u00f3n experimental de estos an\u00e1lisis con la empresa asociada\u201d,<\/span><\/i> comenta la investigadora.<\/span><\/p>

Vinculaci\u00f3n con la industria\u00a0<\/b><\/h2>

Caleta Bay es una de las principales productoras de trucha arco\u00edris en Chile y destaca por impulsar una cultura de investigaci\u00f3n y desarrollo permanentes, adem\u00e1s de un manejo sostenible en los cultivos. En ese sentido, el acad\u00e9mico se\u00f1ala que la empresa presenta \u201c<\/span>el menor \u00edndice de uso de antibi\u00f3ticos y la menor baja de mortalidad\u201d.<\/span><\/i><\/p>

Ambos investigadores coinciden en que este trabajo conjunto entre la academia y el sector privado constituye una oportunidad concreta para generar conocimiento con impacto real.<\/b><\/p>

\u201cEsto tiene muchos impactos positivos, porque permite que una investigaci\u00f3n de laboratorio pueda transformarse en una soluci\u00f3n real a un problema en espec\u00edfico dentro del \u00e1rea de la ciencia biol\u00f3gica\u201d,<\/span><\/i> indica Francisca Madrid.<\/span><\/p>

Por su parte, el Dr. Rodrigo Vidal explica que uno de los principales resultados esperados es <\/b>\u201cgenerar informaci\u00f3n gen\u00f3mica sobre la resiliencia de la trucha arco\u00edris, que permita a la empresa asociada fortalecer el manejo gen\u00e9tico y las estrategias productivas frente al cambio clim\u00e1tico\u201d.<\/i><\/b><\/p>

Asimismo, destaca que la iniciativa no solo fortalecer\u00e1 la vinculaci\u00f3n entre universidad e industria, sino que tambi\u00e9n aportar\u00e1 innovaci\u00f3n a la acuicultura nacional, donde uno de los grandes desaf\u00edos ya no es producir m\u00e1s, sino producir mejor.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u201cY ese mejor tiene que ser dentro de un ciclo optimizado, es decir, poder completar los ciclos de producci\u00f3n, pero a bajo costo\u201d,<\/span><\/i> puntualiza el acad\u00e9mico.<\/span><\/p>

Autora:<\/b> Paola Armijo Le\u00f3n<\/span><\/p>

Fotograf\u00eda:<\/b> Comunicaciones Vriic<\/span><\/p>

Tags:<\/b> Investigaci\u00f3n Aplicada<\/span><\/p>

Tecnolog\u00eda Usach<\/span><\/p>

Direcci\u00f3n de Gesti\u00f3n Tecnol\u00f3gica<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

El Dr. Rodrigo Vidal Soto y la Dra.(c) Francisca Madrid Silva, investigadores de la Facultad de Qu\u00edmica y Biolog\u00eda, lideran\u00a0 proyecto de I+D orientado a entender c\u00f3mo el aumento de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":22865,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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